Lenalidomide-Induced Interstitial Pneumonitis in a Patient with Multiple Myeloma: A Case Report

Abstract

Lenalidomide, a second-generation immunomodulatory agent used in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), is generally well tolerated. Pulmonary toxicity, though rare, can present as interstitial pneumonitis, leading to diagnostic challenges. We describe a case of a 67-year-old man with relapsed MM who developed progressive dyspnea and cough after initiation of lenalidomide. High-resolution chest CT revealed bilateral ground-glass opacities suggestive of interstitial lung disease. Infectious, autoimmune, and cardiogenic causes were excluded. Symptoms and imaging abnormalities resolved upon discontinuation of lenalidomide and initiation of corticosteroids. This case illustrates the need for awareness of lenalidomide-induced pneumonitis as a potential but reversible adverse event in MM patients, emphasizing early recognition and drug withdrawal.